The diaspora - conflict - peace - nexus : a literature review

Abstract

This paper seeks to offer a comprehensive literature review on the role and contribution of diasporas to conflicts and peace building. By scanning the existing literature on the conflict – migration nexus and identifying gaps within this literature, this review will thereby serve as the starting point for analysis in the DIASPEACE project. First, the review will provide a general overview of diasporas and conflicts, and will then move on to discuss the various risks faced by diasporas in conflict situations. In this section, the ‘New Wars’ debate will be examined through empirical examples of how diasporas contribute to conflicts in their respective country of origin; the factors influencing their involvement; and, the potential ‘import’ of conflict to their host country. Several case studies of diaspora groups originating from the Horn of Africa will be provided to examine opportunities for diasporas to contribute to peace building as well as their role in conflict dynamics. Finally, suggestions and directions for future research will be identified in order to fill gaps within the existing literature.