An ontological framework and a methodical skeleton for method engineering : a contextual approach
Julkaistu sarjassa
Jyväskylä studies in computingTekijät
Päivämäärä
2005Oppiaine
TietojärjestelmätiedeTietojärjestelmien suunnittelumenetelmiä kehitetään ja sovitetaan usein intuitiivisesti ja improvisoiden. Vaarana on, että näin syntyy vaikeasti ymmärrettäviä, tehottomasti sovitettavia ja huonosti soveltuvia suunnittelumenetelmiä. Improvisoivalle menetelmäkehitykselle on usein ominaista myös suurempi resurssitarve. Syynä tälle tilanteelle on se, että menetelmäkehitykseltä puuttuu kunnollinen menetelmätuki. Kirjallisuudessa on kyllä esitetty laaja kirjo menetelmäkehityksen strategioita, lähestymistapoja ja tekniikoita, mutta nämä tarjoavat vain osaratkaisuja. Kokonaisvaltaista menetelmätukea ei ole tarjolla. Ehdotetuilta ratkaisuilta puuttuu usein myös laaja-alainen ja teoreettinen käsiteperusta.Mauri Leppänen on tutkimuksessaan kehittänyt käsitteellisen perustan, joka auttaa tunnistamaan, ymmärtämään, jäsentämään ja esittämään tietojärjestelmien suunnittelumenetelmien luonteeseen, sisältöön, rakenteeseen ja kehittämiseen liittyviä piirteitä ja ilmiöitä. Leppänen rakensi myös teoriapohjaista menetelmätukea menetelmäkehitykselle. Hän hyödynsi tilannekohtaisia piirteitä esiin nostavia teorioita ja loi näiden pohjalta lähestymistapoja, käsitteistöä, malleja ja ohjeistoa menetelmäkehitykselle.
...
Method engineering (ME) is commonly carried out in an intuitive and improvising fashion in practice. This is largely due to the lack of explicit methodical support. The literature does suggest an array of ME strategies, ME approaches, ME techniques, and ME procedures, but the assistance they provide is far from satisfying. It can be argued that the ME field has not advanced far from its “pre-methodical” stage. An ISD method is an abstract and multifaceted notion, and there exist quite diverging views on its nature, structure, content, and significance. For this reason, to construct a feasible methodical support to method engineering, it is necessary to anchor it upon a theoretically sound and uniform conceptual foundation. The objective of this thesis is to construct an ontological framework for conceiving, understanding, structuring, and representing the phenomena related to an ISD method and its engineering, and to construct a methodical skeleton to support the ME process. The thesis crafts two design artifacts, OntoFrame and MEMES. OntoFrame is an ontological framework, comprising a number of component ontologies with a multi-dimensional structure. These components range from highly generic ontologies to ME-specific ones. Resulting from the application of a contextual approach in ontology engineering, the ontologies highlight, in a multi-faceted manner, contextual features of reality. The framework was derived from multiple theories and existing ME artifacts with deductive and inductive principles, and it is represented in UML-based meta models. MEMES is a normative prescription for ME, structuring and guiding the accomplishment of ME work. It consists of three ME workflows: ISD method requirements engineering, ISD method analysis, and ISD method evaluation. For each of the ME workflows, ME approaches and steps are suggested in MEMES. Both of the artifacts are evaluated extensively in a number of comparative analyses of existing artifacts. MEMES is also evaluated with empirical methods. The results of the thesis can be utilized in future research to analyze and compare existing artifacts and to construct new ones for the use of ISD and ME. MEMES can be applied in practice to support the engineering of generic and domain-specific ISD methods. The research follows the design theory paradigm and applies conceptual and empirical research methods.
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Julkaisija
University of JyväskyläISBN
951-39-2186-7ISSN Hae Julkaisufoorumista
1456-5390Asiasanat
Metadata
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