Liikuntatieteiden tiedekuntahttps://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/727232024-03-29T14:55:37Z2024-03-29T14:55:37ZFrailty in midlife as a predictor of changes in body composition from midlife into old ageKananen, LauraHaapanen, MarkusMikkola, TuijaJylhävä, JuuliaWasenius, NikoEriksson, Johanvon Bonsdorff, Mikaelahttps://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/928812024-03-25T07:41:30Z2024-01-18T11:53:03ZFrailty in midlife as a predictor of changes in body composition from midlife into old age
Kananen, Laura; Haapanen, Markus; Mikkola, Tuija; Jylhävä, Juulia; Wasenius, Niko; Eriksson, Johan; von Bonsdorff, Mikaela
2024-01-18T11:53:03ZCurrent status and changes in sports club participation between 2016-2022 among 9-15 year olds in FinlandKokko, S.Blomqvist, M.Mononen, K.Koski, P.Martin, L.Villberg, J.https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/908722024-03-25T07:17:40Z2023-10-27T10:10:05ZCurrent status and changes in sports club participation between 2016-2022 among 9-15 year olds in Finland
Kokko, S.; Blomqvist, M.; Mononen, K.; Koski, P.; Martin, L.; Villberg, J.
Sports clubs attain a lot of children and adolescents in many countries and contributes to physical activity (PA) and physical education (PE), and further to public health (PH). In Finland, sports club participation has been monitored nationally in The Finnish School-aged Physical Activity (FSPA) study. The purpose of this study is to describe the current status and changes in sports club participation in given age groups over time and with regards to age and gender. Nationally representative samples of 9-15 year olds were collected by electronic questionnaire in 2016 (n = 6956), in 2018 (n = 5683) and in 2022 (n = 7936). Sports club participation was asked by four category question: 1) No current nor previous participation; 2) No current, but yes previous participation (drop out); 3) Occasional current participation; and 4) Regular and active current participation. Results are presented through percentage distributions and changes in proportions. The proportion of regularly participating children and adolescents was smaller in 2022 (46%) than in 2018 (50%) and in 2016 (51%) and among both genders. The proportions of the participation over time remained stable among 9 and 11 year olds, but were smaller among 13 and 15 year olds. The largest change was observed among 13 year olds, in which the proportion of regular participants had dropped 10% from 2016 to 2022. Regarding to gender, the proportion of dropouts had increased among both genders, but more among girls. As low levels of PA among school-aged has been one of the major public health 16th European Public Health Conference 2023 ii17 Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/article/33/Supplement_2/ckad160.041/7327806 by University of Jyvaskyla user on 26 October 2023 concerns in Finland, the decrease in sports club participation steepen this concern further. This is especially true among girls. Actions to induce more participants and prevention of drop out are needed. The negative trend in sports club participation is a public health concern as with wide coverage club activities contribute to physical activity and education. This trend needs to be changed.
2023-10-27T10:10:05ZJoint associations of leisure time physical activity and sitting time with sickness absenceSarttila, K.Pohjola, V.Kuusela, M.Hautala, A.Lahti, J.Lundqvist, A.https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/908712024-03-25T07:25:43Z2023-10-27T10:01:48ZJoint associations of leisure time physical activity and sitting time with sickness absence
Sarttila, K.; Pohjola, V.; Kuusela, M.; Hautala, A.; Lahti, J.; Lundqvist, A.
Background: Physical inactivity and prolonged sitting are risk factors for non-communicable diseases and threaten public health. The aim of this study was to examine the joint associations of leisure time physical activity and sitting time with sickness absence among Finnish adult population.
Methods: Randomly selected adults (N = 10 300, response rate 70,5 %) were asked to fill in questionnaire of the FinHealth 2017 population survey. The survey data were linked to the Finnish Social Insurance Institution’s register data on sickness benefit periods (over 10 working days), including diagnoses (followup 2,9 years). Self-reported leisure time physical activity was classified into three groups: inactive, moderately active, and active and screen sitting time into two groups: 3hrs hours or less and over three hours a day, yielding a six-category variable for the joint analyses. The analytical sample were restricted to working age (18-63 years), which included 5183 participants. Associations were examined by using logistic regression analysis adjusting for key covariates with SPSS 29.
Results: Those who were inactive and spend a lot of time sitting in front of a screen (< 3h) during leisure had a higher risk for sickness absence due to mental disorders (OR = 2,07 95% CI 1,03-4,18) than physically active low sedentary group. Also, the inactive and low sedentary group (OR = 1,69 95% CI 1,12- 2,55) and the moderately active and high sedentary group (OR = 2.06, 95% CI 1.15-3.67) had a higher risk. No significant differences were found for associations due to allcause and musculoskeletal disorders sickness absence.
Conclusions: Alongside increasing leisure-time physical activity, reducing sedentary behavior can have a positive impact on the risk of sickness absence for mental health reasons. A reduction in sedentary behavior and an increase physical activity should be encouraged.
Key messages: Sedentary behavior in leisure was associated to a higher occurrence of mental health sickness absence.
Attention should be paid to reducing sitting time and increasing physical activity.
2023-10-27T10:01:48ZShared genetic factors may partly explain the associations between physical activity and cardiometabolic diseasesSillanpää, ElinaTynkkynen, NikoTörmäkangas, TimoPalviainen, TeemuHyvärinen, MattiJoensuu, LauraKlevjer, MarieBye, AnjaPesonen, PaulaWaller, KatjaKangas, MaaritMännikkö, MinnaVähä-Ypyä, HenriSievänen, HarriKorpelainen, RaijaJämsä, TimoNiemelä, MaisaRipatti, SamuliKujala, UrhoKaprio, Jaakkohttps://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/891302024-03-25T11:20:56Z2023-09-15T07:20:05ZShared genetic factors may partly explain the associations between physical activity and cardiometabolic diseases
Sillanpää, Elina; Tynkkynen, Niko; Törmäkangas, Timo; Palviainen, Teemu; Hyvärinen, Matti; Joensuu, Laura; Klevjer, Marie; Bye, Anja; Pesonen, Paula; Waller, Katja; Kangas, Maarit; Männikkö, Minna; Vähä-Ypyä, Henri; Sievänen, Harri; Korpelainen, Raija; Jämsä, Timo; Niemelä, Maisa; Ripatti, Samuli; Kujala, Urho; Kaprio, Jaakko
Shared genetic factors may contribute to the associations between higher levels of physical activity (PA) and lower risk for cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs), and may partially explain these associations observed in cohort studies. To explore this, we used novel methodology to calculate PA genotypes (polygenic risk score, PRS) and validated them against measured or reported PA in three independent cohorts. We then investigated the associations between polygenic inheritance of PA and cardiometabolic risk factors and diseases in two large population-based biobank datasets, and examined whether selected associations were independent of self-reported PA.
Our study utilized the UK Biobank as a base dataset (N = 400,124) and constructed genomewide PRSs for both self-reported and device-measured PA using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-specific weights and SBayesR methodology. Both PRSs for PA included over one million SNPs. PRSs were constructed in the Finnish Twin cohort (N = 759–11,528), the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (N = 3,263–4,061), the Trøndelag Health Study cohort (HUNT, N = 47,148), and the FinnGen (N = 218,792). Cardiometabolic risk factors were measured in laboratory conditions, and CMD outcomes were derived from national health registers (ICD codes). We utilized linear, logistic, and cox regression methods for analysis.
Our results showed that genotypes predisposing to higher PA were associated with higher levels of PA in independent datasets, but PRSs accounted for only a limited amount of variation (0.13-1.44%). Genotypes supporting higher PA were associated with lower body mass index [B=-0.002 in HUNT and B=-0.025 in FinnGen] and favorable cardiometabolic health in HUNT (waist circumference [B=-0.003] and HDL cholesterol [B = 0.004]). Genotypes supporting higher PA volumes were associated with lower incidence of CMDs in both HUNT and FinnGen. The strongest associations were found in hypertensive diseases and Type 2 Diabetes. In HUNT, the observed associations were not materially changed after accounting for self-reported PA. Higher PRS for PA was also associated with lower risk of mortality in FinnGen.
Our findings suggest small pleiotropic effects between PA and CMDs. This means that same genetic variation may explain both physical activity behaviour and risk of diseases. PRSs provide new tools for genetic studies in sport science, but they currently have substantial practical limitations.
2023-09-15T07:20:05ZMultidimensional physical activity profiles and changes in physical function and self-reported walking ability among community-dwelling older adults : a 4-year follow-upPalmberg, LottaKaravirta, LauraLöppönen, AnttiHyvärinen, MattiRantanen, TainaRantalainen, Timohttps://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/891222024-03-25T06:38:43Z2023-09-15T05:53:11ZMultidimensional physical activity profiles and changes in physical function and self-reported walking ability among community-dwelling older adults : a 4-year follow-up
Palmberg, Lotta; Karavirta, Laura; Löppönen, Antti; Hyvärinen, Matti; Rantanen, Taina; Rantalainen, Timo
Purpose
Physical activity (PA) is multidimensional but often assessed using single metrics. We studied how data-driven PA profiles predict changes in physical functioning and self-reported walking ability over time among older adults.
Methods
Participants (n = 318) were community-dwelling 75-, 80- and 85-year-olds who wore a thigh-mounted accelerometer for 3-7 days at baseline. PA intensity, fragmentation, absolute and relative PA minutes, sit-to-stand transitions, and gait bout characteristics were used in PA profiling using k-means cluster analysis. Physical function was assessed at baseline and at follow-up 4 years later. Substantial decline in physical function was operationalized as decline of at least 2 points in the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB, range 0-12) and at least 0.2 m/s decline in habitual 10-m walking speed. Change in self-reported walking ability during 2 km walk was assessed using a 5-point scale (decline vs. no change/improvement for all). Data were analyzed using logistic regression analysis.
Results
Three physical activity profiles were identified, and named as Exercisers, Actives and Inactives. Exercisers and Actives accumulated high PA minutes, but Actives engaged in predominantly light intensity PA that was accumulated in shorter bouts. The largest difference was observed in relative PA minutes (minutes exceeding participants’ preferred walking speed). Inactives accumulated the lowest PA minutes, intensity and highest activity fragmentation.
During the follow-up period, 32% of participants experienced a substantial decline in walking speed, 24% in SPPB score and 21% in self-reported walking ability. Among women, Exercisers, but not Actives, had lower risk for a substantial decline in walking speed (OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.10-0.95) and SPPB score (0.33, 0.12-0.88) compared to Inactives after adjusting for age, depressive symptoms, comorbidity and baseline walking speed or SPPB score. Among women, Exercisers also had lower risk for decline in self-reported walking ability, but this was explained by differences in health. For men, the differences were not statistically significant.
Conclusions
Daily PA that is accumulated in longer bouts and at intensity exceeding one’s preferred walking speed may be especially beneficial for the maintenance of physical function with advancing age.
2023-09-15T05:53:11ZExecutive and physical functions among community-dwelling older adults : results from the PASSWORD studyTirkkonen, AnnaTörmäkangas, TimoKulmala, JenniHänninen, TuomoNeely, Anna StigsdotterSipilä, Sariannahttps://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/891132024-03-25T06:48:05Z2023-09-15T05:09:33ZExecutive and physical functions among community-dwelling older adults : results from the PASSWORD study
Tirkkonen, Anna; Törmäkangas, Timo; Kulmala, Jenni; Hänninen, Tuomo; Neely, Anna Stigsdotter; Sipilä, Sarianna
Purpose
Cognitive and physical functions are key factors for safe walking. As these functions deteriorate with age walking may be compromised among older adults. However, cognitive and physical decline may be attenuated with cognitive and physical training. This study investigated the associations between cognitive, especially executive, and physical functions and sex differences in these associations in physically inactive older adults. Additionally, the role of participant characteristics in cognitive and physical training-induced change in executive functions was investigated
Methods
314 older adults aged 70-85 were recruited and randomized to PTCT (N = 155) or PT (N = 159). PT included two supervised training sessions a week and home exercises. PTCT included PT and cognitive training. Measurements were organized at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Physical functions were assessed with 10-meter maximal walking speed, 6-minutes walking distance, dual-task cost in walking speed, habitual walking speed and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Core skills of executive functions were assessed with Stroop (inhibition), Trail Making Test B (set shifting) and Letter Verbal Fluency (updating). Training compliance was based on participation in supervised training sessions. The data was analyzed with multiple linear regression analyses and longitudinal two-group linear path models.
Results
Mean age of the participants was 74.5. Results showed that Verbal Fluency test was positively associated with faster maximal and habitual walking speed (β = 0.272, p<0.001, β = 0.184, p = 0.009 respectively), longer 6-min walking distance (β = 0.242, p<0.001) and higher scores in SPPB (β = 0.234, p<0.001), additionally, TMT B-A was positively associated with higher scores in SPPB (β=-0.236, p<0.001). No significant sex-differences were found. Additionally, Stroop improved significantly more in women and participants in the low compliance subgroup who received PTCT compared to participant receiving PT (difference -8.758, p = 0.001 and difference in -8.405, p = 0.010 respectively) No other significant associations were observed.
Conclusion
Executive and physical functions are positively associated in older adults. The association depends on the physical task and the executive subdomain. Physical and cognitive training improves older adults’ executive functions. Women and participants who only occasionally engaged in training may gain additional benefits for inhibition from physical and cognitive training compared to physical training.
2023-09-15T05:09:33ZParticipation in organized and unorganized sports in adolescence: associations with physical activity levels in adulthoodSuominen, TuuliPahkala, KatjaRovio, SuviYoung, XiaolinKulmala, JanneHirvensalo, MirjaRaitakari, OlliTammelin, TuijaSalin, Kasperhttps://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/891052024-03-25T08:56:05Z2023-09-15T04:42:39ZParticipation in organized and unorganized sports in adolescence: associations with physical activity levels in adulthood
Suominen, Tuuli; Pahkala, Katja; Rovio, Suvi; Young, Xiaolin; Kulmala, Janne; Hirvensalo, Mirja; Raitakari, Olli; Tammelin, Tuija; Salin, Kasper
Purpose
Participation in organized youth sports (OYS) has been linked to higher levels of physical activity (PA) in adulthood. However, the longitudinal associations of OYS and PA compared to unorganized sports and non-participation have not been extensively studied. This study aims to explore the associations of both organized and unorganized sports in adolescence with PA levels in midlife.
Methods
Participants in this study were drawn from the on-going, population-based prospective Young Finns Study. Data from follow-ups conducted in the years 1980, 1983, 1986, and 1989 were utilized to divide the participants into groups of active OYS, active unorganized sports, and non-participants, separately at the ages of 9 (n = 548), 12 (n = 727), 15 (n = 752), and 18 (n = 767). The groups were formed according to self-reported frequency and intensity of leisure time PA and participation in sports club activities in adolescence. Accelerometer-derived PA (mean daily minutes of sedentary time [ST], light-intensity PA [LPA], and moderate-to-vigorous PA [MVPA]) in midlife was assessed in 2018-2020. Differences in adult PA between the youth PA groups were analyzed using analysis of covariance, separately in males and females.
Results
Compared to non-participants, boys who actively participated in OYS at age 9 had lower ST (mean difference [SE]: -38 [15], p = 0.045) and higher LPA (29 [12], p = 0.050) in midlife. No significant group differences were observed for girls at age 9 or for either sex at age 12 or 15, or for boys at age 18. In girls at age 18, significant group differences were found in MVPA in midlife in favor of both organized and unorganized sports compared to non-participants (15 [3], p < 0.001; 8 [3], p = 0.014, respectively).
Conclusions
Active participation in organized sports in boys at age 9 and active participation in both organized and unorganized sports in girls at age 18 associated with higher levels of physical activity in midlife. These findings suggest that promoting both types of sports participation in adolescence may contribute to the development of a physically active lifestyle across the life course.
2023-09-15T04:42:39ZAssociations between physical education anxiety and physical fitness through five yearsJaakkola, TimoCostigan, SarahGråsten, ArtoHuhtiniemi, Mikkohttps://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/891042024-03-25T06:32:55Z2023-09-15T04:26:07ZAssociations between physical education anxiety and physical fitness through five years
Jaakkola, Timo; Costigan, Sarah; Gråsten, Arto; Huhtiniemi, Mikko
Purpose
Physical education is an important context to contribute students’ physical activity in childhood and adolescence. However, negative physical education experiences may have a long-lasting association on students’ willingness to participate in physical activity. The associations between students’ anxiety in physical education and physical fitness have not been previously investigated. The aim of this longitudinal study was to analyse associations between physical education anxiety and physical fitness through five years.
Methods
Participants of this study included 1147 Grade 5 students (565 males) (mean age: 11.27(0.32) years) at the baseline measure. These participants were measured annually between Grades 5 to 9. The Finnish version of the Physical Education State Anxiety Scale (Barkoukis, 2007) was used to measure cognitive anxiety in physical education. Physical fitness was measured by 20meters shuttle run test (cardiorespiratory fitness) and curl-up and push-up tests (muscular fitness). Sex, BMI and peak height velocity was used as covariates in the analysis. Associations between study variables were measured by the Random Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel Model using Mplus statistical software.
Results
Between level results (squared multiple correlations) of the analysis demonstrated that cognitive anxiety was related to cardiorespiratory (-.32) and muscular fitness (-.34) over five years. Additionally, sex (-.12; girls higher anxiety), BMI (.16) and peak high velocity (-.23) had significant associations with cognitive anxiety.
Conclusions
This study revealed that cognitive anxiety in physical education has an influence on student’s physical fitness longitudinally. These findings were similar between anxiety and cardiorespiratory fitness and between anxiety and muscular fitness. Results demonstrate that negative physical education experiences have an association on cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness from late childhood to adolescence. Constructs of the Self-determination theory (basic psychological needs) and Achievement goals theory (task orientation) are helpful when implementing positive pedagogy in physical education.
2023-09-15T04:26:07ZAssociations between screen-time media use, physical activity, and positive and negative mental health outcomes among adolescents in Ireland : a cross-sectional studyForte, ChloeBiddle, Stuart, J. H.Hallgren, MatsWoods, Catherine B.Herring, Matthew P.https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/891032024-03-25T06:19:24Z2023-09-15T04:25:06ZAssociations between screen-time media use, physical activity, and positive and negative mental health outcomes among adolescents in Ireland : a cross-sectional study
Forte, Chloe; Biddle, Stuart, J. H.; Hallgren, Mats; Woods, Catherine B.; Herring, Matthew P.
Purpose
Understanding the individual and joint associations of positive and negative mental health with screen-time and physical activity (PA) among adolescents is essential to develop enhanced guidance for prevention strategies and appropriate interventions.
Methods
Participants (n=879, n = 463 female, mean age 14.71 (SD = 1.51) years) from second-level schools in Ireland completed a battery of well-validated questionnaires assessing hours of daily screen-time use (TV, computer, and phone), PA levels (PACE+) (low (0–2 day/week), moderate (3–4 day/week), or high (5+day/week), and mental health outcomes (anxiety (STAI-Y2) and depressive symptoms (QIDS) and positive mental health (MHC-SF)). Multiple linear regressions examined associations between screen-time, PA and mental health and one-way ANOVA’s examined differences in mental health outcomes between screen-time mode and use categories (none (0 hours), low (0.5-1.5 hours), moderate (2-4.5 hours), and high (5+ hours)). Cohen’s d effect size and 95% confidence intervals quantified the magnitude of the difference.
Results
Higher computer (β=0.112, p≤0.001) and phone use (β=0.138, p≤0.001) were associated with higher depressive symptoms. Higher TV use (β=-0.111, p≤0.002) and PA levels (β=-0.123, p≤0.001) were associated with lower anxiety symptoms. Higher phone use (β=0.113, p≤0.002) and PA levels (β=0.116, p≤0.001) were associated with higher positive mental health. The magnitude of differences in depressive and anxiety symptoms across screen-time use categories were largely small-to-moderate (d = 0.02 to 0.67) and in positive mental health, ranged from small to large (d = 0.03 to 0.88). The sample was then stratified by PA level to assess the potential moderating influence of PA on the screen-time-mental health association, with mixed results.
Conclusions
Results are among the first findings regarding the relationship between screen-time mode and PA levels with mental health, particularly positive mental health among adolescents in Ireland. Associations of screen-time and PA with mental health outcomes varied according to PA level and screen-time mode. The variation in these findings suggest the need to investigate the context of screen-time use and the screen-time activity engaged with. These results suggest that not all screen-time is detrimental and some, in moderation, may be beneficial for mental health. Future research should investigate longitudinal associations between screen-time, PA, and mental health.
Support/Funding Source
N/A
2023-09-15T04:25:06ZA whole school, systems-based approach to health enhancing physical activity (WSA HEPA)- challenges and lessons learnt from an ERASMUS+ Collaborative Partnership projectCrone, DianeSellars, PaulBarkoukis, VasillisJaakkola, TimoHuhtiniemi, Mikohttps://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/891022024-03-25T08:09:03Z2023-09-14T12:31:06ZA whole school, systems-based approach to health enhancing physical activity (WSA HEPA)- challenges and lessons learnt from an ERASMUS+ Collaborative Partnership project
Crone, Diane; Sellars, Paul; Barkoukis, Vasillis; Jaakkola, Timo; Huhtiniemi, Miko
Purpose
Health-enhancing physical activity (HEPA) is an ongoing concern for all countries and in particular for young people, who are the future adults in our society. Global physical inactivity levels remain static (Guthold et al., 2018) and as a consequence there is an international goal to reduce physical inactivity by 10% by 2025 and by 15% by 2030 (WHO, 2018). To support the achievement of physical activity goals, the World Health Organisation designed a Global Action Plan for Physical Activity (GAPPA) (WHO, 2018). Using the GAPPA, the aim of the WSA HEPA project was to co-produce resource materials that promote the GAPPA objectives and adopt a whole-systems approach to addressing HEPA in schools for young people. In summary, this presentation will present the WSA HEPA project, explain the material development and how to access them (here) and conclude with challenges and lessons learnt.
Description
The presentation will include (i) an overview of the project including the co-production approach to the material (module) development and EU wide mixed method needs analysis undertaken to inform their development; (ii) an explanation of the six modules and conclude with (iii) challenges and lessons learnt from the project.
Conclusion
Participants attending the presentation will gain an understanding of how a whole school, whole systems-based approach for health enhancing physical activity can be implemented. They will also have access to the resources to enable this from the project and be cognisant of the challenges and benefits to such an approach. They should have sufficient knowledge and access to resources to be able to implement this in their home countries.
2023-09-14T12:31:06Z