Linking conservation biology to community assembly processes with hierarchical modelling of species communities
(Oral)
Otso Ovaskainen
SEE PEER REVIEW
Applications in conservation biology require a profound understanding of community ecology, in particular of the processes that determine the assembly and dynamics of species assemblages at different spatiotemporal scales. To facilitate the integration between conceptual and statistical approaches in community ecology and conservation biology, we have developed Hierarchical Modelling of Species Communities (HMSC) as a general, flexible framework for modern analysis of community data (1,2,3). HMSC belongs to the class of joint species distribution models, and it makes it possible to derive simultaneously species- and community level inference from data on species occurrences, environmental covariates, species traits, and phylogenetic relationships. HMSC applies to a wide variety of study designs, including hierarchical data, spatial data, temporal data, and spatio-temporal data. I describe the general HMSC framework and discuss with examples how it helps making more out of data in the context of applications in conservation biology.
1. Ovaskainen, O., Tikhonov, G., Norberg, A., Blanchet, F. G., Duan, L., Dunson, D., Roslin, T. and Abrego, N. 2017. How to make more out of community data? A conceptual framework and its implementation as models and software. Ecology Letters 20, 561-576
2. Ovaskainen, O., Tikhonov, G., Dunson, D., Grøtan, V., Engen, S., Sæther, B.-E. and Abrego, N. 2017. How are species interactions structured in species rich communities? A new method for analysing time-series data. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 284, 20170768.
3. Ovaskainen, O., Roy, D., Fox, R. and Anderson, B. 2016. Uncovering hidden spatial structure in species communities with spatially explicit joint species distribution models. Methods in Ecology and Evolution 7, 428-436.
INTRO: The presentation will deal with a powerful model of joint species distribution allowing to make inferences about the processes of species assemblage using many types of data. This was recently published in top journals (between 2016 and 2017).
MERITS: As stated in the introduction, the methods to produce this model has already been published, and hence validated by peers.
CRITIQUE: The abstract does not make explicit the contribution of this powerful tool to conservation biology, which is a pity since the meeting is about conservation.
DISCUSSION: I strongly believe that conservation requires the development of new and powerful modeling tools to understand the way communities are assembled and how changes in the environment can change the interactions between species. Therefore, the proposed abstract has important implications in both community ecology and conservation biology. I suggest that the author adds a sentence clarifying the usefulness of his model for conservation.
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INTRO: This work presents a novel method to analyze community-level data integrating species occurrences, their traits and phylogenetic relationship and environmental data. As described in their paper, the method can be used for a range of different questions in community ecology at different temporal and spatial scales.
MERITS: This study presents a strong integrative quantitative method for analyis of community ecology datasets, it was published in Ecology Letters and provides codes in both R and Matlab, thus being readily available to be used by other scientists. It can be used to answer a series of questions and will certainly be of broad interest.
CRITIQUE: The abstract only vaguely describes how it could be used for conservation biology. Given the conference is about conservation biology, it should be more explicit on why it would be useful to the field.
DISCUSSION: I have little to add, as I said before, this work is strong and will be of broad interest to the conference attendees.